The EPIC-Norfolk Study
Circulating concentrations of vitamin D in relation to pancreatic cancer risk in European populations.
International journal of cancer 2017 ; 142: 1189-1201.
van Duijnhoven FJB, Jenab M, Hveem K, Siersema PD, Fedirko V, Duell EJ, Kampman E, Halfweeg A, van Kranen HJ, van den Ouweland JMW, Weiderpass E, Murphy N, Langhammer A, Ness-Jensen E, Olsen A, Tjønneland A, Overvad K, Cadeau C, Kvaskoff M, Boutron-Ruault MC, Katzke VA, Kühn T, Boeing H, Trichopoulou A, Kotanidou A, Kritikou M, Palli D, Agnoli C, Tumino R, Panico S, Matullo G, Peeters P, Brustad M, Olsen KS, Lasheras C, Obón-Santacana M, Sánchez MJ, Dorronsoro M, Chirlaque MD, Barricarte A, Manjer J, Almquist M, Renstrom F, Ye W, Wareham N, Khaw KT, Bradbury KE, Freisling H, Aune D, Norat T, Riboli E, and Bueno-de-Mesquita HBA
DOI : 10.1002/ijc.31146
PubMed ID : 29114875
PMCID : PMC5813219
URL : https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ijc.31146
Abstract
Evidence from in vivo, in vitro and ecological studies are suggestive of a protective effect of vitamin D against pancreatic cancer (PC). However, this has not been confirmed by analytical epidemiological studies. We aimed to examine the association between pre-diagnostic circulating vitamin D concentrations and PC incidence in European populations. We conducted a pooled nested case-control study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) and the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study's second survey (HUNT2) cohorts. In total, 738 primary incident PC cases (EPIC n = 626; HUNT2 n = 112; median follow-up = 6.9 years) were matched to 738 controls. Vitamin D [25(OH)D and 25(OH)D combined] concentrations were determined using isotope-dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Conditional logistic regression models with adjustments for body mass index and smoking habits were used to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Compared with a reference category of >50 to 75 nmol/L vitamin D, the IRRs (95% CIs) were 0.71 (0.42-1.20); 0.94 (0.72-1.22); 1.12 (0.82-1.53) and 1.26 (0.79-2.01) for clinically pre-defined categories of ≤25; >25 to 50; >75 to 100; and >100 nmol/L vitamin D, respectively (p for trend = 0.09). Corresponding analyses by quintiles of season-standardized vitamin D concentrations also did not reveal associations with PC risk (p for trend = 0.23). Although these findings among participants from the largest combination of European cohort studies to date show increasing effect estimates of PC risk with increasing pre-diagnostic concentrations of vitamin D, they are not statistically significant.