The EPIC-Norfolk Study
Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and lymphoma risk: results of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2013 ; 98: 827-38.
Łuczyńska A, Kaaks R, Rohrmann S, Becker S, Linseisen J, Buijsse B, Overvad K, Trichopoulou A, Valanou E, Barmpitsioti A, Masala G, Agnoli C, Tumino R, Panico S, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, van Duijnhoven FJ, Peeters PH, Vermeulen R, Weiderpass E, Brustad M, Skeie G, González CA, Jakszyn P, Quirós JR, Sánchez MJ, Huerta JM, Ardanaz E, Melin B, Johansson AS, Almquist M, Malm J, Khaw KT, Wareham N, Travis RC, Fedirko V, Romieu I, Jenab M, Gallo V, Riboli E, Vineis P, and Nieters A
DOI : 10.3945/ajcn.112.054676
PubMed ID : 23885049
PMCID :
URL : https://academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/98/3/827/4577253
Abstract
The relation between vitamin D status and lymphoma risk is inconclusive.
We examined the association between prediagnostic plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and lymphoid cancer risk.
We conducted a study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort of 1127 lymphoma cases and 1127 matched controls with a mean follow-up time of 7.1 y. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate multivariable-adjusted incidence rate ratios of lymphoma risk in relation to plasma 25(OH)D. Season-standardized and season-specific 25(OH)D quartiles were used. We also analyzed 25(OH)D as a continuous variable and used predefined cutoffs.
No statistically significant association between plasma 25(OH)D and overall lymphoid cancer risk was observed. A positive association for B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma was noted only in those with a diagnosis made during the first 2 y of follow-up (P-heterogeneity = 0.03), which suggests the possibility of reverse causality. Further analysis restricted to participants with ≥2 y of follow-up time showed a significant association between 25(OH)D and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (n = 161): adjusted incidence rate ratios were 0.40 (95% CI: 0.18, 0.90; P-trend = 0.05) and 0.31 (95% CI: 0.13, 0.76; P-trend = 0.03) for the top compared with the bottom season-standardized and season-specific quartiles, respectively. Data on dietary vitamin D intake provided further support for the observed association (incidence rate ratio: 0.33; 95% CI = 0.12, 0.89; P-trend = 0.006).
Our findings do not support a protective role of high 25(OH)D concentration in lymphoid cancers overall. However, they suggest that higher concentrations of 25(OH)D are associated with a reduced risk of CLL.